Should Not I Spare Nineveh?

Jonah ran from a call because he knew how merciful God is; the book ends with a question for us

  • 📖 Adult Sunday School
  • Week 48
  • 📅 Sunday, November 29, 2026
💡 The big idea

The Lord gives second chances to people who run from Him, including us, and He asks us to rejoice when His mercy reaches people we would rather He left alone.

I can accept the Lord’s second chance for myself and pray, by name, for someone I have found hard to forgive.

Know the chapters

This week’s three books are short and very different. Amos was a herdsman and a gatherer of sycamore fruit from Tekoa. The Lord called him straight from the flock, as Amos 1:1 and 7:14–15 tell. He preached to the prosperous northern kingdom under Jeroboam II. In 2:6 he rebukes people who sold “the righteous for silver, and the poor for a pair of shoes.” In 5:21–24 they keep up their feasts anyway. In 3:7 he teaches that the Lord reveals His secret to His servants the prophets. In 8:11–12 he warns of a famine “of hearing the words of the LORD.” Obadiah is a single chapter. In verses 10 and 11 it condemns Edom, Esau’s descendants, for standing aloof while Jerusalem fell. Verse 21 closes with “saviours” on mount Zion. Latter-day Saints hear in that phrase the temple work we do for those who died without the gospel.

This lesson centers on Jonah. He’s mentioned in 2 Kings 14:25, in the days of the same Jeroboam. The Lord sent him to Nineveh, a great city of Assyria. Assyria would later carry the northern kingdom away. In Jonah 1:3 he goes down to Joppa and buys passage to Tarshish, the opposite direction. Most people remember the storm and the great fish. The book’s real surprise is chapter 4. Nineveh repented and was spared, and Jonah was furious. In 4:2 he explains why he ran in the first place. He knew the Lord was gracious and merciful and would forgive them. He was quoting how the Lord described Himself to Moses in Exodus 34:6.

The book ends without an ending. In 4:11 the Lord asks Jonah, “Should not I spare Nineveh?” Jonah never answers. The question is left open for every reader. Adults usually know what it’s like to run from something the Lord asked. Many also know the quieter struggle of resenting someone else’s second chance. In Matthew 12:40–41, Jesus pointed to Jonah’s three days in the fish. It was a sign of His own death and Resurrection. He said Nineveh repented at Jonah’s preaching, and “a greater than Jonas is here.”

Twenty-five minutes goes quickly. One story read well and one honest talk will do more than a survey of three books. Walk through Jonah in six short readings: 1:1–3, 1:12–15, 2:7–10, 3:1–5, 4:1–4 and 4:8–11. Bridge the gaps in a sentence, and save the discussion for chapter 4. November 29 is a fifth Sunday. Check with your bishopric whether Sunday School meets. The lesson works just as well any Sunday before the next one. It’s also Thanksgiving weekend in the United States. Jonah 2:9 is a thanksgiving offered from inside the fish, before any rescue came.

Only have 5 minutes?

Read Jonah in six short readings: 1:1–3, 1:12–15, 2:7–10, 3:1–5, 4:1–4 and 4:8–11. Ask one question after each. Open by asking why a prophet would run from the Lord on purpose. Study Jonah 4:2 and find what Jonah knew about God. Spend the most time on Our Ninevehs. Invite everyone to pray by name for someone they’ve found hard to forgive.

What to bring2 items

Tick what you have. Forgot something? Every step that needs a supply has a no-supplies version in the plan below.

Before class

  1. Read Jonah straight through. It takes about ten minutes. Then read chapter 4 again slowly and mark 4:2, 4:4 and 4:10–11.
  2. Think of your honest answer to “Who is my Nineveh?” You don’t need to name anyone. Admitting you have one will help others be honest.

Discussion tips

  • Quiet class? These questions touch real resentments. Make it clear no one needs to name a person. Wait longer than feels comfortable, and share your own honest answer first.
  • One voice filling every pause? Thank them, then say, “Let’s hear from someone who hasn’t spoken yet,” and wait.
  • Someone may have been badly hurt by a person they’re now asked to pray for. Forgiving isn’t excusing abuse or going back to danger. The Lord asks us to stop wanting His mercy to pass someone by. He doesn’t ask us to pretend the wrong never happened.
  • Someone says Nineveh deserved judgment because Assyria was brutal? Agree. That’s exactly why the story is hard. Point to Jonah 3:10. God responded to real repentance. The question He asks Jonah is about His own heart.
  • Visitors or new members? Jonah is one of the best-known Bible stories, so it’s a friendly place to start. Tap the references on the shared screen. Never ask anyone to read aloud without checking first.

The 25-minute plan25 min + bonus

Bonus steps are for when you have extra time. Each “On the screen” line is what the class sees on a shared screen in Teach Mode in the Gospel Sparks app; on paper, read it aloud or write it on the board.

1. Hook

The Wrong Way on Purpose

2 min

Opens with the puzzle of a prophet who runs on purpose, and saves the answer for chapter 4.

  1. SAY“The Lord told Jonah to go east, to Nineveh. Jonah bought a ticket west, to Tarshish. That’s as far as a ship would take him.”
  2. Ask, “Jonah wasn’t lost, and he wasn’t lazy. Why would a prophet run from the Lord on purpose?” Take three or four answers.
  3. SAY“Hold on to your guesses. Jonah tells us the real reason himself, but not until chapter 4.”

On the screen: 🧭 Why would a prophet run from the Lord on purpose?

2. Story

Jonah in Six Short Readings

11 min

Walks through the whole book of Jonah a few verses at a time, from the flight west to the Lord’s unanswered question, with one question at each stop.

  1. SAY“We’ll walk through the whole book of Jonah in six short readings. Most people remember the fish. Watch for the surprise at the end.”
  2. Show one scene at a time and give its setup. You read where the Lord speaks. A volunteer can read 1:12–15 and 2:7–10.
  3. After each reading, ask the scene’s question and take two or three answers. Keep each stop under two minutes.
  4. After the last reading, let the Lord’s question hang in the room for a few seconds.

On the screen: 🐋 Jonah runs, and the Lord keeps coming after him · Six short readings: 1:1–3 · 1:12–15 · 2:7–10 · 3:1–5 · 4:1–4 · 4:8–11

No supplies? Do this instead

Instead of: The shared screen (TV or device) with Teach Mode open

  1. SAY“We’ll walk through Jonah in six short readings. Watch for the surprise at the end.”
  2. Read 1:1–3, 1:12–15, 2:7–10, 3:1–5, 4:1–4 and 4:8–11. Give each setup in your own words. A volunteer can read 1:12–15 and 2:7–10. You read the rest.
  3. After each reading, ask the scene’s question aloud and take two or three answers. Keep each stop under two minutes.
3. Scripture

The Reason He Ran

3 min

Studies Jonah 4:2 closely so class members see that Jonah ran from God’s mercy, not from doubt.

  1. SAY“Let’s slow down on Jonah’s reason.”
  2. Read Jonah 4:2 while the class follows on the screen.
  3. Ask, “Jonah lists five things he knows about God. What are they?” Gather them. Gracious, merciful, slow to anger, of great kindness and ready to relent.
  4. Point out that Jonah echoes the Lord’s own words to Moses in Exodus 34:6. Ask, “Every one is good news. Why would it make him run?”

On the screen: 💛 I knew that thou art a gracious God, and merciful, slow to anger, and of great kindness. · Jonah 4:2

4. Talk it over

Our Ninevehs

6 min

Helps adults face the quiet resentment of someone else’s second chance, and accept their own.

  1. SAY“In the fish, Jonah was glad for mercy. For Nineveh, he was angry about it. Let’s be honest about our own Ninevehs.”
  2. Pick two or three questions. Ask one, wait, then ask its follow-up. Make it clear no one needs to name a person.
  3. Before the last question, share Elder Jeffrey R. Holland’s words from “From general conference” below.
  4. Count to seven before you rescue a silence. If needed, share your own honest answer first.
💬 Ask the class
  • Why is it easier to receive grace than to watch someone else receive it? Follow-up: Where have you noticed that in yourself?
  • Don’t name anyone. What kinds of people do we quietly hope stay out of reach of God’s mercy? Those are our “Ninevites.” Follow-up: What would it take to pray for them by name?
  • The Lord answers Jonah’s anger with a question: “Doest thou well to be angry?” What do you learn from how patiently He handles Jonah? Follow-up: When has He handled you that way?
  • What would it look like to actually delight in someone else’s second chance? Follow-up: Who has delighted in yours?
  • Who around us needs to hear that it isn’t too late to come back? Follow-up: How could you tell them this week?

On the screen: 🏙️ Should not I spare Nineveh, that great city? · Jonah 4:11

5. Testimony

A Greater than Jonas

3 min

Ends with testimony of Jesus Christ, whose mercy reaches everyone, and one simple invitation.

  1. SAY“Jesus spoke of Jonah in Matthew 12, verses 40 and 41.”
  2. SAY“He said Jonah’s three days in the fish pointed to His own death and Resurrection. Then He said, ‘a greater than Jonas is here.’”
  3. Invite one or two people to share briefly how the Lord gave them a second chance. Then testify that no one has run too far for Him.
  4. Invite: “This week, pray by name for one person you’ve found hard to forgive. Ask the Lord to help you want His mercy for them.”

On the screen: 🙏 Behold, a greater than Jonas is here. · Matthew 12:40–41 · This week: pray by name for your Nineveh.

6. Talk it over

A Famine of Hearing

4 minBONUS

Uses Amos to help adults value living prophets and open scriptures.

  1. SAY“Amos was a herdsman the Lord called from the flock.”
  2. Read Amos 7:14–15, then Amos 3:7 and 8:11–12.
  3. SAY“Latter-day Saints see that famine in the centuries after the Apostles died. And we see its end in the Restoration.”
  4. Ask one or two questions with follow-ups, then close on time.
💬 Ask the class
  • The Lord called a herdsman from Tekoa. Why do you think He so often calls ordinary people to speak for Him? Follow-up: When has an ordinary person spoken for Him to you?
  • Amos 8:12 describes people running “to and fro” looking for the word of the Lord. Where do you see that hunger today? Follow-up: How could we help feed it?
  • How have living prophets and open scriptures blessed you in a way you might take for granted? Follow-up: What would you miss most without them?

On the screen: 🌾 Not a famine of bread … but of hearing the words of the LORD. · Amos 3:7; 8:11–12

Read it together

Jonah Runs, and Returns

Jonah 1:1–3; Jonah 1:12–15; Jonah 2:7–10; Jonah 3:1–5; Jonah 4:1–4; Jonah 4:8–11 ↗

Scenes

  1. 🧭 Go east to Nineveh; Jonah sails west

    Nineveh was a great city of Assyria. It was the most feared power in Jonah’s world. Let’s read Jonah 1, verses 1 to 3. Notice which way Jonah keeps going. Down to Joppa. Then down into the ship.

    💬 Ask: What are the “ships to Tarshish” people board when they don’t want to do what the Lord asked?

  2. ⛈️ “Take me up, and cast me forth”

    In verses 4 to 11, the Lord sends a great wind. The sailors pray to their gods, while Jonah sleeps below. The lot falls on him. He admits he fears the God who made the sea. Now read verses 12 to 15. Notice who rows hard to save whom.

    💬 Ask: The pagan sailors show more mercy than the runaway prophet. What might the Lord be teaching by telling it that way?

  3. 🐋 A prayer from inside the fish

    At the end of chapter 1, the Lord prepares a great fish. From its belly, Jonah cries out as the deep closes over him. Now read chapter 2, verses 7 to 10. He hasn’t been rescued yet. And still he promises “the voice of thanksgiving.”

    💬 Ask: What does gratitude in the middle of a mess do for us? Follow-up: When have you found it there?

  4. 📣 “The second time”

    Now chapter 3, verses 1 to 5. The Lord doesn’t replace Jonah. He comes back to him with the same call. Notice how short the sermon is. And how fast Nineveh believes.

    💬 Ask: When has the Lord given you a “second time” after you ran from something He asked?

  5. 😠 Jonah is angry at God’s mercy

    In verses 6 to 10, the king trades his throne for sackcloth and ashes. The whole city turns, and God spares it. Now read chapter 4, verses 1 to 4. At last we learn why Jonah ran: “I knew that thou art a gracious God.”

    💬 Ask: Think back to your guesses from the start. Why would God’s mercy make someone angry?

  6. 🌿 A vine, a worm, and a question

    In verses 5 to 7, Jonah sits east of the city to watch. The Lord grows a gourd to shade him. Then He sends a worm to wither it. Now read verses 8 to 11. The book ends with the Lord’s question. And Jonah never answers.

    💬 Ask: Why do you think the book ends with a question instead of Jonah’s answer?

Key verse

Jonah 4:2 ↗
“I knew that thou art a gracious God, and merciful, slow to anger, and of great kindness, and repentest thee of the evil.”
In plain words: Jonah didn’t run because he doubted God. He ran because he knew exactly how merciful God is, and he didn’t want that mercy to reach his enemies.

More verses

Jonah 3:1 ↗
“And the word of the LORD came unto Jonah the second time”
In plain words: The Lord came back to the prophet who ran and gave him the same call again. Second chances are part of His character.
Jonah 4:10–11 ↗
“Then said the LORD, Thou hast had pity on the gourd, for the which thou hast not laboured, neither madest it grow; which came up in a night, and perished in a night: And should not I spare Nineveh, that great city, wherein are more than sixscore thousand persons that cannot discern between their right hand and their left hand; and also much cattle?”
In plain words: Jonah grieved over a plant he didn’t grow. The Lord asks why He shouldn’t care about a whole city of people He made. The book ends on that question.
Amos 3:7 ↗
“Surely the Lord GOD will do nothing, but he revealeth his secret unto his servants the prophets.”
In plain words: God makes His will known through prophets He calls. We don’t have to guess what He wants.
Amos 8:11 ↗
“Behold, the days come, saith the Lord GOD, that I will send a famine in the land, not a famine of bread, nor a thirst for water, but of hearing the words of the LORD”
In plain words: Amos warned of a hunger worse than hunger for food: a time without the word of God. The Restoration ended that famine.

From general conference

“It is never too late so long as the Master of the vineyard says there is time.”

— Elder Jeffrey R. Holland, “The Laborers in the Vineyard,” April 2012

Share in Our Ninevehs, before the question about who needs to hear that it isn’t too late.

Read the talk ↗

Songs

  • Master, the Tempest Is Raging Hymns, no. 105

    A hymn of a storm at sea and the Savior who calms it. A natural opening hymn for Jonah. Find it ↗

  • Count Your Blessings Hymns, no. 241

    Thanksgiving weekend, and Jonah’s prayer of thanks from inside the fish (Jonah 2:9). Find it ↗

This week’s invitation

Pray for Your Nineveh

This week, pray by name for one person you’ve found hard to forgive or hard to wish well. Ask the Lord to help you want His mercy for them. Is there a call you’ve been running from? Accept your own “second time” and take one step toward it.

Take it home

In Sunday School we read Jonah. The surprise is chapter 4. In Jonah 4:2, Jonah admits he ran because he knew God was “gracious … and merciful.” He didn’t want his enemies forgiven. The book ends with God asking, “Should not I spare Nineveh?” At home, read Jonah 4:1–4 and 4:10–11 together. Ask how each person would answer the Lord’s question.

📝 After class

What worked? Who needs a check-in this week? Jot it here on a printed copy, or in the app’s private class notes.

Got extra time?

💧 Let Judgment Run Down as Waters · 4 min

  1. Read Amos 5:21–24. The Lord rejects feasts and offerings from people who ignore justice.
  2. Read Amos 2:6–7 to see what that injustice looked like.
  3. Ask, “What would it look like for righteousness to run ‘as a mighty stream’ in our ward and homes, not only on Sundays?”

⛰️ Saviours on Mount Zion · 4 min

  1. Read Obadiah 1:11, where Edom stood aloof while Jerusalem suffered. Then read Obadiah 1:21.
  2. Explain what Joseph Smith taught. We become saviors on Mount Zion by doing temple ordinances for those who died without them.
  3. Read Doctrine and Covenants 128:15. Ask, “Who in your family is waiting for you not to stand aloof?”

📏 The Plumb Line · 4 min

  1. Read Amos 7:7–8. The Lord stands by a wall with a plumb line in His hand.
  2. Explain that a plumb line shows whether a wall is truly straight up and down, however straight it looks.
  3. Ask, “What’s the Lord’s plumb line for us?” Follow-up: “When have you been grateful to be measured against it?”

Sources

Scripture quotations are from the King James Version, the Bible used by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Tap or click a reference to open it in Gospel Library. Start with the official Come, Follow Me manual; these ideas are here to help it come alive.

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