Hosea preached in the northern kingdom of Israel in the decades before Assyria destroyed it in 722 BC, beginning in the prosperous reign of Jeroboam II (Hosea 1:1). Israel was comfortable and religiously mixed, worshipping the Lord and Baal side by side and crediting Baal, a fertility god, for the rain and harvests. Hosea’s central image is a marriage. The Lord had made a covenant with Israel as a husband with a bride, and Israel had been unfaithful. The book calls Israel by the name of its leading tribe, Ephraim, and speaks to Judah in the south as well.
This lesson centers on Hosea 1–3. The Lord asked Hosea to marry Gomer, who would be unfaithful, and to give their children names that announced Israel’s broken covenant: Jezreel, Lo-ruhamah (“not pitied”) and Lo-ammi (“not my people”) (1:3–9). Yet in the next breath the Lord promised that the people called “not my people” would be called “the sons of the living God” (1:10). He would lead her into the wilderness, “speak comfortably unto her,” and make the valley of Achor, whose name means trouble, “a door of hope” (2:14–15). Hosea then went and bought his wife back for fifteen pieces of silver and some barley (3:1–2), a picture of the Redeemer paying to bring back what was His. Paul and Peter both saw the promise of Hosea 2:23 fulfilled in the gospel of Jesus Christ (Romans 9:25–26; 1 Peter 2:10).
The rest of the block keeps coming back to that love. “When Israel was a child, then I loved him” (11:1); “I drew them with cords of a man, with bands of love” (11:4); “How shall I give thee up, Ephraim?” (11:8); “I will ransom them from the power of the grave” (13:14), words Paul echoes about the Resurrection (1 Corinthians 15:55); and finally, “I will heal their backsliding, I will love them freely” (14:4). Joel, whose date is uncertain, describes a devastating locust plague and calls the people to “rend your heart, and not your garments” (Joel 2:13), promising, “I will restore to you the years that the locust hath eaten” (2:25). Moroni quoted Joel 2:28–32 to Joseph Smith in 1823 and said it would soon be fulfilled (Joseph Smith—History 1:41).
Twenty-five minutes goes fast. Tell Hosea’s story with care, spend real time on Hosea 11 and 14, and use Joel 2 for the second discussion. The outpouring of the Spirit in Joel 2:28 is ready as a bonus step.