John 2–4 is full of beginnings. At a wedding in Cana, Jesus turns water into wine, the “beginning of miracles,” in John 2:11. In Jerusalem He drives the money-changers out of the temple. He says, “make not my Father’s house an house of merchandise,” in 2:16. Then two very different people come to Him. Nicodemus is a respected Pharisee and ruler. He comes “by night,” in 3:2, maybe so he won’t be seen. A Samaritan woman comes to a well about noon, “the sixth hour,” in 4:6–7. Jesus teaches both of them about a change so deep it’s like a new birth.
Jesus tells Nicodemus, “Ye must be born again,” in 3:7. He explains it means being “born of water and of the Spirit,” in 3:5. That’s baptism and the gift of the Holy Ghost, then a lifetime of being changed by the Savior. Nicodemus doesn’t get it right away, but John shows him growing. Later he defends Jesus in front of the other leaders, in 7:50–51. He helps bury Him, in 19:39. A night-time question can become a daylight disciple. John 3:16–17 is the Savior’s own summary of His mission. God gave His Son out of love, not to condemn the world but to save it.
Jews and Samaritans avoided each other. Even His disciples were surprised to see a Jewish rabbi talking alone with a Samaritan woman, in 4:9 and 27. Jesus asks her for a drink and offers “living water.” Then He shows He knows her whole story, in 4:16–18. He doesn’t shame her. He tells her plainly, “I that speak unto thee am he,” in 4:26. She leaves her waterpot and runs to tell the town, in 4:28–29. Later the townspeople say they believe because they heard Him themselves, not just because of her, in 4:42. For fourteen- to sixteen-year-olds, that opens up great talks. Reputation. Being fully known. Borrowed testimony versus your own. Things that satisfy for five minutes, like likes, snacks and scrolling, versus the Savior, who satisfies for good. Jeremiah 2:13 is a great cross-reference. People traded the fountain of living waters for “broken cisterns, that can hold no water.”
This week ends on fast Sunday. If you teach this lesson that day, the water in the object lesson is for pouring only. Nobody drinks.