Isaiah 58 opens with a complaint. On the outside, the people do everything right. They seek the Lord daily and fast faithfully. Then they ask, in effect, “We fasted, so why aren’t You noticing?” That’s verse 3. The Lord’s answer is blunt, in verses 3–4. On your fast day you chase your own interests, push your workers harder and pick fights. A fast isn’t about looking humble, in verse 5. The fast He chooses loosens the bands of wickedness and lifts heavy burdens. It frees the oppressed, feeds the hungry, houses the poor and clothes the naked. That’s verses 6–7.
Then come some of the best promises in scripture. Your light will break forth like the morning, and your health will spring up. You’ll call, and the Lord will answer, “Here I am,” in verses 8–9. He’ll make you “like a watered garden,” in verse 11. Verses 13–14 turn to the Sabbath. Stop “doing thy pleasure on my holy day” and “call the sabbath a delight.” Then you’ll delight yourself in the Lord. The Church’s fast Sunday grows straight out of this chapter. We go without two meals and give a generous fast offering to care for people in need.
Isaiah 61:1–3 describes the Anointed One. He comes to bind up the brokenhearted, free captives and give “beauty for ashes.” In the synagogue at Nazareth, Jesus stood and read this passage. Then He said, “This day is this scripture fulfilled in your ears,” in Luke 4:16–21. When we fast to lift burdens, we join Him in exactly the work He said He came to do.
Fourteen- to sixteen-year-olds often experience fasting as “being hungry” and the Sabbath as “the day I can’t do stuff.” Don’t fight that with guilt. Isaiah’s own people felt the same way! The For the Strength of Youth section “Love God, love your neighbor” speaks to this. Keeping the Sabbath holy shows God we’ll dedicate a day to Him. Fasting and offerings show Him His work matters more to us than things. Let the youth wrestle honestly with real Sabbath dilemmas. You’re after a better question, “What does this choice say to God?” You’re not after a rulebook.